Condensed matter physics

Condensed matter physics is the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic physical properties of matter. In particular, it is concerned with the "condensed" phases that appear whenever the number of constituents in a system is extremely large and the interactions between the constituents are strong. The most familiar examples of condensed phases are solids and liquids, which arise from the bonding and electromagnetic force between atoms. More exotic condensed phases include the superfluid and the Bose-Einstein condensate found in certain atomic systems at very low temperature, the superconducting phase exhibited by conduction electrons in certain materials, and the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases of spins on atomic lattices. Condensed matter physics is the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic physical properties of matter. ... Bose-Einstein condensate from http://www. ... Bose-Einstein condensate from http://www. ... General Name, Symbol, Number rubidium, Rb, 37 Chemical series alkali metals Group, Period, Block 1, 5, s Appearance grey white Standard atomic weight 85. ... A Boseâ€"Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter formed by a system of bosons confined in an external potential and cooled to temperatures very near to absolute zero (0 kelvin or âˆ'273. ... Condensed matter physics is the field of physics that deals with the macroscopic physical properties of matter. ... This article is about matter in physics and chemistry. ... In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i. ... Solid-state physics, the largest branch of condensed matter physics, is the study of rigid matter, or solids. ... For other uses, see Liquid (disambiguation). ... In physics, the electromagnetic force is the force that the electromagnetic field exerts on electrically charged particles. ... For other uses, see Atom (disambiguation). ... Helium II will creep along surfaces in order to find its own level - after a short while, the levels in the two containers will equalize. ... A Boseâ€"Einstein condensate is a phase of matter formed by bosons cooled to temperatures very near to absolute zero (0 kelvins or -273. ... For other uses, see Temperature (disambiguation). ... A magnet levitating above a high-temperature superconductor, cooled with liquid nitrogen. ... Electrical conduction is the current (movement of charged particles) through a material in response to an electric field. ... A ferromagnet is a piece of ferromagnetic material, in which the microscopic magnetized regions, called domains, have been aligned by an external magnetic field (e. ... In materials that exhibit antiferromagnetism, the spins of magnetic electrons align in a regular pattern with neighboring spins pointing in opposite directions. ... In physics, spin refers to the angular momentum intrinsic to a body, as opposed to orbital angular momentum, which is the motion of its center of mass about an external point. ... In mineralogy and crystallography, a crystal structure is a unique arrangement of atoms in a crystal. ...

Condensed matter physics is by far the largest field of contemporary physics. Much progress has also been made in theoretical condensed matter physics. By one estimate, one third of all American physicists identify themselves as condensed matter physicists. Historically, condensed matter physics grew out of solid-state physics, which is now considered one of its main subfields. The term condensed matter physics was apparently coined by Philip Anderson when he renamed his research group — previously solid-state theory — in 1967. In 1978, the Division of Solid State Physics at the American Physical Society was renamed as the Division of Condensed Matter Physics. Condensed matter physics has a large overlap with chemistry, materials science, nanotechnology and engineering. Not to be confused with physician, a person who practices medicine. ... Solid-state physics, the largest branch of condensed matter physics, is the study of rigid matter, or solids. ... Philip Warren Anderson (born December 13, 1923) is one of the most influential theoretical physicists of the 20th century. ... The American Physical Society was founded in 1899 and is the worlds second largest organization of physicists. ... For other uses, see Chemistry (disambiguation). ... The Materials Science Tetrahedron, which often also includes Characterization at the center Materials science or Materials Engineering is an interdisciplinary field involving the properties of matter and its applications to various areas of science and engineering. ... Buckminsterfullerene C60, also known as the buckyball, is the simplest of the carbon structures known as fullerenes. ... Engineering is the discipline of acquiring and applying knowledge of design, analysis, and/or construction of works for practical purposes.

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